从一滴水透视整片海洋--《蒙塔尤》的史学理论与方法管窥

Seeing the Whole Ocean From a Drop of Water--On the Historical Theory and Method of“Montaillou”

史学力作《蒙塔尤》是新文化史的典型代表之一,对其进行史学理论和方法的剖析后发现,它综合运用人类学、微观史学、社会心态史的理论和方法,将人类学中“共时性”“深描”“结构功能主义”等引入史学研究,一改以往宏大叙事范式,缩小研究范围,以小见大地透视法国社会,为研究新文化史提供了很好的借鉴。

“Montaillou”is one of the typical representatives of the history of new culture.After analyzing its historical theories and methods,it is found that it comprehensively uses the theories and methods of anthropology,micro history and social psychology history to introduce“synchronicity”,“deep description”and“structural functionalism”in anthropology into historical research,changing the previous grand narrative paradigm,narrowing the scope of research and seeing through the French society from a small perspective.It provides a good reference for the study of the history of new culture.