晚宋边事视域下蜀士家国情怀的多重面相

Multiple Orientation of Shu Scholars’Family-Nation Sentiment in Late Song Dynasty

晚宋战乱对蜀士的诗文创作产生了极大的影响,这其中尤为突出的就是家国情怀的凸显。动荡的外部环境增强了蜀人的家族观念。蜀士对亲族聚散存殁状况的深重悲慨,显示出亲情之于个体士人的重要意义;在还蜀之望愈趋渺茫的情况下,蜀士仍始终将蜀地故家视作归处所在。由蜀人身份出发,蜀士将言蜀事视作自觉的政治参与方式,并表现出强烈的危机感与紧迫感。蜀士不满于朝廷处理蜀事的方式与态度,有被忽视与抛弃之感,故其诗作往往掩抑着极深的愤郁与绝望。如果将蜀士的家国情怀分为家事、乡事与国事三个维度,则其对这三者的情感固然密不可分,但又并非全无冲突,于中体现出晚宋蜀地与中央之间向心力与离心力共存的微妙关系。

The war in the late Song Dynasty had a great influence on the literary creation of Shu scholars,which is particularly prominent in the highlight of family-nation sentiment.The turbulent external environment strengthened Shu people’s family concept,and Shu scholars’lamented writing of their relatives sufferings during the war shows the importance of family affection to individual scholars.As the hope of returning Sichuan became increasingly dim,Shu scholars always regarded Shu as the old home to return to.With the identity of"Shu people",Shu scholars regarded"talking about Shu affairs"as a conscious way of political participation,and showed a strong sense of crisis and urgency.Shu scholars were dissatisfied with the way and attitude of the imperial court in dealing with Shu affairs,and felt neglected and abandoned,so their poems often concealed deep anger and despair.To be sure,if Shu scholars’feelings of home and country are divided into three dimensions:family affairs,rural affairs and state affairs,their feelings for these three are inseparable but not entirely conflict-free.Such reflects the subtle relationship of centripetal force and centrifugal force coexisting between Shu and the central government in the late Song Dynasty.