血管性认知障碍功能评估与康复治疗研究进展

Research progress on functional assessment and rehabilitation treatment of vascular cognitive impairment

血管性认知障碍(vascular cognitive impairment)是常见认知障碍类型,目前尚无针对性的治疗方案,尤其进展至中重度痴呆期。本文围绕着早期功能评估及康复治疗方法做一综述,以求更佳的疗效及日常生活能力的改善。神经心理学测定有助于早期筛查,再结合神经电生理、影像学检查结果作为客观依据,能进一步对疾病进展进行预测,同时可作为康复治疗指导及疗效评价。认知训练、运动训练、非侵入性神经调控技术、针灸等是目前有效的康复治疗方案,运用多种方式的联合治疗有更佳的改善作用。其中非侵入性神经调控技术显现了较好的应用前景,但目前还需要更多的高质量的临床研究证据。

Vascular cognitive impairment is a common type of cognitive impairment.At present,there is no targeted treatment,especially for moderate to severe dementia.This review focuses on the early functional evaluation and rehabilitation treatment in patients with vascular cognitive impairment,in order to obtain optimal curative effects and improve the quality of daily living.Neuropsychological test is helpful for early screening of vascular cognitive impairment.Neuropsychological test,together with the results of neuroelectrophysiology and imaging examination as objective evidence,can further predict the disease progress and can be used to guide rehabilitation treatment and curative effect evaluation.Cognitive training,exercise training,non-invasive nerve regulation technology,acupuncture and moxibustion are currently effective rehabilitation treatments.Combined application of various methods has a better improvement effect than monotherapy.Among them,non-invasive nerve regulation technology shows a good application prospect.At present,more high-quality clinical research evidence is needed.