董仲舒的思想是否为“宇宙论中心”哲学

Whether Dong Zhongshu’s Thought Is “Cosmos-Centered ” Philosophy or Not

董仲舒的天人相应与灾异论,有宇宙论中心哲学或他律的伦理学之嫌,与孔孟的儒学不一致。但他的思想也有自律的伦理学的重要特征,即肯定义利之辨与义是自己本心自发的要求,合于孟子与宋明理学的基本大意。董仲舒天人论与义利之辨的不一致,前者是"权说",后者才是"实说"。以天人相应来增加对人君必须行义的说服力,要人君作出具有真正道德价值的行为,故"正谊不谋利"之说才是实说。

Dong Zhongshu’s theory of response between nature and humans and theory of disaster, which are considered as cosmos-centred philosophy or heterogeneous ethics, are inconsistent with Confucius and Mencius’ Confucianism. But his thought also has the important feature of self-disciplined ethics, that is, he affirms that the distinction between righteousness and gain as well as righteousness is spontaneous from his own heart, which is in line with the basic ideas of Mencius’ and Song Min’s Confucianism. Dong Zhongshu’s theory of nature and humans is not in line with the distinction between righteousness and gain. The former is "an expedient expression" and the latter is "a true expression". He intends to use the former to increase the persuasiveness of making the ruler act righteously, and the latter to require the ruler to act morally. Therefore, "being righteous rather than seeking gains" is the true expression.