基于高分子水凝胶的阻燃织物研究与应用进展

Research and application progress in fire retardant fabric based on polymeric hydrogel

针对纺织品的易燃问题,基于高分子水凝胶三维网络体系的高吸水性,提出了将高分子水凝胶作为新型阻燃材料应用于纺织品领域的思路。阐述了水凝胶作为新型阻燃材料在灭火过程中吸热冷却、稀释气体和隔绝氧气的阻燃机制;结合相关文献探讨了水凝胶与纺织品相结合制备复合阻燃织物的新型整理技术,证明了基于水凝胶的阻燃复合织物可具备优异的阻燃与隔热性能。最后分析了水凝胶作为阻燃材料在纺织品热防护领域存在的挑战及机遇,认为提高水凝胶与织物的结合牢度、开发自愈合-阻燃水凝胶材料和多功能性阻燃水凝胶织物等是未来的研究方向。

In order to improve the fire resistance of textiles,this paper reviews the application of hydrogels as a new type of fire retardant materials,because of the high absorbability of hydrogels with a three-dimensional network.Moreover,the fire-retardant mechanism of hydrogels such as endothermic cooling,gas dilution and oxygen isolation in the process of fire extinguishing was systematically described.According to relevant literature,the novel treatment technology of composite flame-retardant fabric was discussed.It was summarized that flame retardant composite fabrics based on hydrogel have excellent flame-retardant property.This paper critically reviewed and analyzed the challenges and opportunities of hydrogels as flame retardant materials in the field of textile thermal protection.It is found that improving the binding fastness between hydrogels and fabrics,developing self-healing flame retardant hydrogel materials and multifunctional flame retardant hydrogel fabrics call for further research.