新中国成立初期“爱国卫生运动”概念的形成及启示——以《人民日报》为中心的考察

The Formation of the Notion of“Patriotic Public Health Campaign”and its Enlightenment during the Early Period of PRC:A Study Centered on the People’s Daily

新中国成立初期,党和国家高度重视卫生防疫和城乡环境卫生的整治,开展了广泛的群众卫生运动。这一时期,“卫生运动”的概念呈现出“多样向统一”转变的特征,逐步构建了“爱国卫生运动”的话语体系。作为主流媒体,《人民日报》对爱国卫生运动做了详细报道。文章以《人民日报》为中心,从媒体的视角探讨了从“卫生(防疫)运动”到“爱国卫生运动”概念的形成过程。从概念上看,“卫生运动”的概念在新民主主义革命时期已经形成,1952—1954年在反对美军细菌战的背景下形成了“爱国卫生运动”的专用名词,1956—1959年全国开展了以“除四害、讲卫生”为主要内容的爱国卫生运动,爱国卫生运动进一步深化并向常态化转变。

During the early period since the founding of PRC,our Party and our government attached great importance to epidemic prevention and the renovation work of urban and rural environmental sanitation,and launched a nation-wide campaign for people’s health.During this period,the notion of“sanitation campaign”was characteristics of the transition from“diversity to unity”,and gradually established the discourse system of“patriotic public health campaign”.As a mainstream media,the People’s Daily has covered the patriotic public health campaign all the way in detail.From the perspective of the media,the thesis will explore the dynamic transformation process from the notion of“sanitation(epidemic prevention)campaign”to the notion of“patriotic public health campaign”by being centered around the People’s Daily.Conceptually speaking,the notions such as“sanitation campaign”came into existence during the period of new Chinese democratic revolution.From 1952 to 1954,set in the background of anti-U.S.bacteriological warfare,the proper term“patriotic public health campaign”was coined.From 1956 to 1959,with the“patriotic public health campaign”for the purpose of“eliminating the four pests and stressing on hygiene”launched,the campaign has further deepened and turned to normalization.