社区失能老年人神经认知障碍影响因素分析

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Neurocognitive Disorders in Disabled Community-dwelling Elderly

目的:了解社区失能老年人神经认知功能现状、危险因素,为建立失能老年人神经认知障碍的社区早期管理模式奠定基础。方法:于2019年6—9月采用多阶段整群抽样,对上海市闵行区60岁及以上老年人开展问卷调查,包括人口学资料、生活方式、常见慢性病、Mini-cog、GDS-30等内容。结果:有效调查2518人,失能141人(5.60%)。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、受教育水平(χ2=15.741)、子女个数(χ2=21.307)、抑郁(χ2=10.824)等对神经认知障碍差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,增龄、生育1个以上子女、高血压、高脂血症和抑郁是神经认知障碍的危险因素,较高的受教育水平是保护因素。结论:失能老年人的神经认知障碍发生率高于社区老年人整体水平,需关注受教育水平低、高血压、高脂血症或抑郁的高龄失能老年人。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the cognitive function of the disabled elderly aged in the community,and to explore the influencing factors so as to provide evidence for preventing neurocognitive disorders(NCDs)in disabled elderly.METHODS A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select people over 59 years old in Minhang District to conduct an indoor survey,including Mini-Cog,GDS-30,combining social demographics,lifestyle,and common noninfectious chronic diseases.RESULTS 141 of 2518 people were disabled.Single-factor analysis revealed that age(χ2=32.202),education level(χ2=15.741),number of children(χ2=21.307),depression(χ2=10.824)were statistically significant for differences in neurocognitive disorders(P<0.05).Logistic regression model indicated that aging,more children,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,depress were risk factors of NCDs in disable elderly.Higher level of education was protective.CONCLUSION The incidence of NCDs in the disabled elderly was higher than that in general community elderly.It shoud be pay attention on disabled elderly with low educational,hypertension,hyperlipidemia or depression.