2010-2019年滨州市水痘流行病学特征分析

Analyses on Epidemiological Characteristics of Varicella in Binzhou from 2010 to 2019

目的:了解山东省滨州市2010—2019年水痘流行病学特征,为制定有效防控措施提供依据。方法:收集中国疾病监测信息系统中滨州市2010—2019年水痘监测资料,采用描述流行病学方法对病例数据进行分析。结果:滨州市2010—2019年共报告水痘病例7733例,年均发病率20.20/10万,各年度间发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=523.86,P<0.01);滨城区发病率最高为41.94/10万(χ2=2189.31,P<0.01),男性发病率高于女性(χ2=159.26,P<0.01);有4—6月和11—次年1月双高峰,发病年龄高发于5~14岁学龄期,特别集中于5~9岁组(2199例),占比28.44%;职业分布以学生(4514例)为主,占病例总数的58.37%。结论:2010—2019年滨州市水痘发病呈上升趋势,学龄期发病相对集中,应提高学龄前儿童2剂次接种率,有效建立学龄期免疫屏障。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Binzhou,Shandong Province from 2010 to2019,and to provide the basis for the formulation of effective prevention and control measures.METHODS Surveillance data of vari-cella in Binzhou from 2010 to 2019 was collected from China Disease Surveillance Information System,and case data was analyzedby descriptive epidemiological method.RESULTS 7733 cases of varicella were reported in Binzhou from 2010 to 2019 with an aver-age annual incidence of 20.20/100000.The difference of incidence among years was statistically significant(χ2=523.86,P<0.01).The highest incidence in the Bincheng District was 41.94/100000(χ2=2189.31,P<0.01),and the incidence in males was higherthan that in females(χ2=159.26,P<0.01).There was a double peak from April to June and from November to the next January.Theage of onset concentrated at the school-age of 5~14 years,especially at the age of 5~9 years(2199 cases),accounting for28.44%.4514 cases,accounting for 58.37%of the total number of cases,were students.CONCLUSION The varicella prevalence tend-ed to increase in Binzhou from 2010 to 2019 and the incidence was mainly among children at school age.Therefore,the second vac-cination rate for preschool children should be increased to make an effective establishment of the immune barrier at the school-age.