A型塞内卡病毒检测方法研究进展

Advance in research on methods for detection of Senecavirus A

A型塞内卡病毒(SVA)是一种单股正链RNA病毒,属于微RNA病毒科(Picornaviridae)塞内卡病毒属(Senecavirus)。SVA作为猪水疱病的一种新病原体,在多个国家传播和发展迅速,引发猪不同程度的水疱性疾病,尤其以巴西、中国以及越南等多个国家病情较为严重,给当地养猪业造成重大的经济损失。该病原导致的临床症状与口蹄疫相似,且不同性别和年龄阶段的猪均易感,可引起感染猪的鼻吻、蹄冠部出现水疱性病变,仔猪急性死亡。因此,需要对SVA的流行和发病引起足够的重视,并通过一系列快速检测方法进行监测以防止该病毒的传播。本文对目前A型塞内卡病毒检测的技术和方法进行了综述,并对其应用情况以及各自的优、缺点进行了分析和总结,以期为A型塞内卡病毒检测方法的深入研究提供参考。

Senecavirus A(SVA) is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the Senecavirus genus within the Picornaviridae family. As a new pathogen of swine vesicular disease, SVA develops rapidly and spreads widely in many countries and regions, and has caused various degrees of vesicular diseases in pigs, especially in countries like Brazil, China and Vietnam, and has then caused significant economic losses to the local pig industry. Pigs of different sexes and at ages are all susceptible to the disease with clinical symptoms similar to those of the foot-and-mouth disease, which can cause blister lesions on the nose snout and crown of hooves of infected pigs, and acute death of piglets. Therefore, more attention should to be paid to SVA, and emergent surveillance is required to prevent the spread of the virus using a series of rapid detection methods. In this paper, we have reviewed the current detection techniques and methods for SVA, and summarized the advantages and disadvantages of the rapid detection techniques and methods, in order to provide references for future research on more effective methods for detection of SVA.