氟化钠对仔鼠生长发育和血清氧化应激水平的影响

Effects of sodium fluoride on growth and development and serum oxidative stress of offspring rats

目的探讨氟化钠对仔鼠生长发育和血清氧化应激水平的影响。方法选取清洁级雌性和雄性SD大鼠各24只,体质量为180~220 g,按雌雄1∶1同笼交配10 d。按体质量采用随机数字表法将孕鼠分为对照组、低剂量染氟组、高剂量染氟组,每组8只,分别饮用纯净水配制的0、100、200 mg/L氟化钠溶液,各组均食用标准饲料。母鼠染氟时间为妊娠第0天至仔鼠出生后第3周(断乳前)。断乳后,每组选取10只雌性仔鼠,继续以相同含量和方式染氟至出生后第12周。仔鼠断乳前每周、断乳后每2周测量体质量、身长和后肢长。仔鼠染氟12周后,腹主动脉取血检测各组仔鼠血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)含量。结果仔鼠出生第2周,高剂量染氟组仔鼠体质量[(24.87±3.36)g]、身长[(6.37±0.52)cm]、后肢长[(2.27±0.13)cm]均低于对照组[(29.23±4.19)g,(6.92±0.47)、(2.44±0.16)cm,P均<0.05],而低剂量染氟组与对照组、高剂量染氟组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。仔鼠出生第3~12周,高剂量染氟组仔鼠体质量、身长和后肢长均低于低剂量染氟组和对照组(P均<0.05);且低剂量染氟组均低于对照组(P均<0.05)。对照组仔鼠血清SOD、GSH-Px、T-AOC含量[(176.51±29.55)、(985.23±164.80)U/ml,(0.864±0.167)mmol/L]均高于低剂量染氟组[(127.98±24.41)、(776.53±107.85)U/ml,(0.639±0.110)mmol/L]和高剂量染氟组[(99.75±14.56)、(425.14±78.67)U/ml,(0.441±0.072)mmol/L],MDA、iNOS含量[(3.37±0.73)nmol/ml、(189.00±44.67)pg/ml]均低于低剂量染氟组[(8.22±1.38)nmol/ml、(305.60±73.41)pg/ml]和高剂量染氟组[(14.81±1.81)nmol/ml、(431.00±91.19)pg/ml],差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);高剂量染氟组血清SOD、GSH-Px、T-AOC含量均低于低剂量染氟组,MDA、iNOS含量均高于低剂量染氟组(P均<0.05)。结论过量氟可引起仔鼠血清氧化应激水平升高,可能影响仔鼠生长发育。

Objective:To investigate the effects of sodium fluoride on growth and development and serum oxidative stress of offspring rats.Methods:Twenty-four clean female SD rats and 24 clean male SD rats were selected,weighting 180-220 g,and mating in the same cage for 10 d according to 1∶1 for male and female.According to body weight by random number table method,the female rats were divided into control group,low-dose fluoride group,and high-dose fluoride group,8 rats in each group.They were drunk 0,100 and 200 mg/L sodium fluoride solution prepared with purified water,respectively,and they all ate standard feed.The female rats were exposed to fluoride from the 0th day of pregnancy to the 3rd week after the offspring rats were born(before weaning).After weaning,10 female offspring rats were selected from each group and continued to be exposed to fluoride in the same amount and manner until the 12th week after birth.The body weight,body length and hind limb length of the offspring rats were measured every week before weaning and every two weeks after weaning.After 12th week of exposure to fluoride,blood samples were taken from abdominal aortas to detect the levels of serum superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC).Results:At the 2nd week after birth,the body weight[(24.87±3.36)g],body length[(6.37±0.52)cm]and hind limb length[(2.27±0.13)cm]of the offspring rats in high-dose fluoride group were lower than those in control group[(29.23±4.19)g,(6.92±0.47),(2.44±0.16)cm,P<0.05],but there was no statistically significant difference between low-dose fluoride group and control group and high-dose fluoride group(P>0.05).At 3rd to 12th weeks after birth,the body weight,body length and hind limb length of the offspring rats in high-dose fluoride group were lower than those in low-dose fluoride group and control group(P<0.05),the low-dose fluoride group were lower than those in control group(P<0.05).Serum SOD,GSH-Px and T-AOC levels in control group[(176.51±29.55),(985.23±164.80)U/ml,(0.864±0.167)mmol/L]were higher than those in low-dose fluoride group[(127.98±24.41),(776.53±107.85)U/ml,(0.639±0.110)mmol/L]and high-dose fluoride group[(99.75±14.56),(425.14±78.67)U/ml,(0.441±0.072)mmol/L],the levels of MDA and iNOS[(3.37±0.73)nmol/ml,(189.00±44.67)pg/ml]were lower than those in low-dose fluoride group[(8.22±1.38)nmol/ml,(305.60±73.41)pg/ml]and high-dose fluoride group[(14.81±1.81)nmol/ml,(431.00±91.19)pg/ml],the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the levels of serum SOD,GSH-Px and T-AOC in high-dose fluoride group were lower than those in low-dose fluoride group,and the levels of MDA and iNOS were higher than those in low-dose fluoride group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Excessive fluoride can increase the serum oxidative stress level of offspring rats,which may affect the growth and development of offspring rats.