熔化极气保焊焊接电流和电弧电压的数据属性

The Data properties of current and arc voltage in GMAW processes

熔化极气保焊在不同的工况条件下,因焊接工艺需要不同的金属过渡形式而对焊接电流与电弧电压输出波形提出了相应要求。与此同时,焊接过程因受多方面因素影响产生随机、偶发的信息亦反映在焊接电流或电压波形的数据构成中,从而使源于焊接过程中各种影响因素的数据信息结构是由多个不同性质的概率密度函数的叠加。以往对弧焊参数的表达一般都以大数定律为前提,对数据是按照正态或近似正态的总体假设计算其统计值。然而,这一统计假设及其计算方法,对熔化极气保焊过程的数据信息处理仅仅是部分可行,对于基于波控或脉冲电流模式的弧焊信息在大多数工况下已不再有效,不仅会导致参数平均值、热输入等物理量的误差,而且会使弧焊过程中偶发的离群数据及其隐性关键信息无法获知。文中的工作在对熔化极气保焊焊接电流和电弧电压数据分析的基础上,解释了焊接过程产生不同数据分布性质的原因,提出了在当前焊接向自动化和信息化深度发展中,重构弧焊参数的表达方式,提高数据统计分析的科学性和有效性,从而防止和避免对弧焊过程信息认识和应用中可能产生的误读和误导。

Under different operating conditions,the welding current and arc voltage output waveforms are required because the welding process requires different metal transfer modes.At the same time,the welding process affected by many factors to produce random,occasional information is also reflected in the welding current or voltage waveform data composition,so that the data information structure derived from various influencing factors in GMAW process is superimposed by a number of different natures of probability density functions.In the past,the expression of arc welding parameters was generally premised on the law of large numbers,and the statistical value of the data was calculated according to the general assumption of normal or approximate normal.However,this statistical hypothesis and its calculation method,the data information processing under GMAW conditions is only partially feasible,for the arc welding information based on wave control or pulse current mode is no longer valid in most operating conditions,not only will lead to parameter mean,heat input and other physical errors,but also make the arc welding process occasional outlier data and its hidden key information may not be known.On the analysis of the current and arc voltage data of GMAW processes,this paper explains the reasons for the different data distribution properties of the welding process,and puts forward the way to reconstruct the expression of welding parameters and improves the scientific and effectiveness of data statistics analysis in the current development of welding to automation and informationization,so as to prevent and avoid misreading and misleading the information understanding and application of arc welding process.