家庭背景对初中班干部身份获得影响的作用机制与实证结果

The Mechanism and Empirical Results of the Association between Family Background and the Acquisition of Student Leader's Identity

家庭背景好的学生在班干部身份获得上的优势使班干部制度在某种程度上成为扩大教育过程不公平的中介。基于华东师范大学课程与教学研究所主持建设的“中国学校课程与教学数据库”,本文运用logit回归和KHB分解方法探究了家庭背景对子女担任班干部的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:1)家庭背景好的学生担任班干部的概率更高,且父母教育水平在其中发挥关键性作用;2)路径分析结果表明,家庭背景主要通过认知能力、父母教育期望和家庭参与因素发挥作用。其中,家庭教育水平主要通过认知能力和父母教育期望,家庭经济水平主要通过非认知能力影响子女班干部身份获得。在班干部制度公平性问题上,本文认为对班干部身份分配进行直接的人为干预破坏了机会公平原则,而提升弱势阶层家庭的父母对教育的认知,提高父母对子女的教育期望以及家庭参与程度则不失为一项可行的策略。

The advantage of dominant social class on the acquisition of student leader's identity has put the class leader system in crisis of the process education equity.Based on the database developed by the Curriculum and Instruction of ECNU,this research uses logit regression and KHB method to inquiry the impact of family background on the class leaders obtain and its mechanism action.This paper find:1)students with good family background have a higher probability of serving as class leader,and parents'education level exert and crucial role in this process.2)path analysis shows that family background plays a role mainly through cognitive ability,family involvement and parents'educational expectation.Besides,family education level mainly through cognitive ability and parents'educational expectation influence the acquisition of children's class cadre status,while family income level mainly through non-cognitive ability.Author believes that direct human intervention in the distribution of class cadres'identity undermines the principle of fair opportunity.While it is a feasible way to improve parents'awareness of education,parents'expectation of children's education and family participation.