徐州市大学生运动状况、睡眠障碍对焦虑情绪影响分析

Analysis of the influence of sports status and sleep disorders on anxiety of college students in Xuzhou city

目的研究大学生运动状况、睡眠障碍对焦虑情绪的影响,为促进心理健康提供依据。方法采用体育活动等级量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表、焦虑症自评量表等,对徐州市4所高校进行在校大学生整群抽样调查,采用卡方检验和Spearman相关分析对资料进行分析。结果调查的3 366名大学生中,焦虑症状检出率为16.82%,睡眠障碍检出率为15.72%;无、轻度、中度、重度焦虑的大学生睡眠障碍率分别为9.43%、40.65%、69.77%、90.00%。不同年级、生源地、家庭经济状况、专业、每日手机使用时间、无目的看手机频率及运动量等级的大学生焦虑检出率差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05),焦虑病症与睡眠障碍间存在正相关性(χ^(2)=572.50,rs=0.39,P<0.01),运动量和睡眠质量的交互作用对焦虑产生有影响。结论科学适量的运动、良好的睡眠质量有利于减少焦虑情绪。高校应积极开展心理健康教育,对高校学生的生活习惯(如手机使用)进行引导。

Objective To study the influence of sports status and sleep disorders on anxiety of college students;to provide basis for promoting mental health. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to select students in 4 universities in Xuzhou to conduct a survey by using physical activity rating scale, Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale and self-rating anxiety scale.Chi-square test and Spearman correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. Results Among the 3 366 surveyed college students, the detection rate of anxiety symptoms was 16.82%,and the detection rate of sleep disorders was 15.72%;the rates of sleep disorders in the college students with no anxiety, mild anxiety, moderate anxiety and severe anxiety were 9.43%,40.65%,69.77% and 90.00%,respectively.There were statistically significant differences for anxiety detection rates among students of different grades, origins, family economic status, majors, daily time of mobile phone use, mobile phone checking frequencies without purpose and exercise levels(all P<0.05).There was a positive correlation between anxiety and sleep disorders(χ^(2)=572.50,rs=0.394,P<0.01),and the interaction between exercise level and sleep quality had impact on anxiety. Conclusion Moderate reasonable exercise and good sleep quality are beneficial to reduce anxiety.Colleges and universities should carry out mental health education actively and guide college students for living habits such as mobile phone use.