中学生健康素养与不安全交通行为的关联分析

Association of health literacy and unsafe traffic behaviors among middle school students

目的探讨中学生健康素养与不安全交通行为之间的关联。方法2017年11月—2018年1月,采用多阶段整群抽样方法,在安徽省合肥市、广东省阳江市、辽宁省沈阳市、重庆市4个城市抽取在校中学生进行问卷调查,采用《中国青少年互动性健康素养问卷》评价青少年健康素养总分(总分155分),收集一般人口学信息、健康素养总分和不安全交通行为等情况,共收回有效问卷18900份。采用多因素logistic回归模型,分析健康素养总分与不安全交通行为之间的关联。结果调查对象健康素养总分为(100.44±23.86)分,走路玩手机、坐副驾驶位不系安全带、不遵守交通规则、乘坐危险驾驶的车辆的比例分别为56.87%、40.91%、23.76%、59.47%。根据健康素养总分的百分位数(<P_(25)、P_(25)〜P_(75)和>P_(75))分为低(<85分)、中(85~116分)、高(>116分)3组,与高健康素养组相比,低、中健康素养组走路玩手机[OR(95%CI):2.26(2.08~2.46)、1.87(1.74~2.00)]、坐副驾驶位不系安全带[OR(95%CI):2.49(2.22~2.79)、1.62(1.47~1.78)]、不遵守交通规则[OR(95%CI):2.38(2.14~2.64)、1.69(1.54~1.86)]和乘坐危险驾驶的车辆[OR(95%CI):1.76(1.60~1.93)、1.43(1.32~1.54)]的发生风险均较高。结论中学生健康素养与不安全交通行为存在关联。

Objective To examine the association between health literacy and unsafe traffic behaviors among middle school students. Methods From Nov 2017 to Jan 2018,middle school students in 4 cities of Chongqing, Hefei in Anhui province, Yangjiang in Guangdong province and Shenyang in Liaoning province were selected by cluster sampling method to conduct questionnaire survey.The Chinese Adolescent Interactive Health Literacy Questionnaire(total score was 155)was used to collect demographic information, health literacy and unsafe traffic behaviors.A total of 18 900 questionaires were collected;multivariate logistic regression model was performed to examine the association between health literacy and unsafe traffic behaviors.Results The mean total score of health literacy were(100.44 ± 23.86).The proportions of behaviors such as playing mobile phones while walking, not wearing seatbelts in co-driver’s seat, violating traffic rules and riding in dangerous vehicles were 56.87%,40.91%,23.76% and 59.47%,respectively.According to the percentages of total health literacy scores(<P_(25)、P_(25)〜P_(75) and >P_(75)),the subjects were divided into 3 groups: low level(<85),middle level(85-116),high level(>116).Compared with high level health literacy group, students with low-level and middle-level health literacy group had higher risks of behaviors such as playing mobile phones while walking [OR(95%CI): 2.26(2.08-2.46),1.87(1.74-2.00)],not wearing seatbelts in co-driver’s seat [OR(95%CI): 2.49(2.22-2.79),1.62(1.47-1.78)],violating traffic rules [OR(95%CI): 2.38(2.14-2.64),1.69(1.54-1.86)] and riding in dangerous vehicles [OR(95%CI):1.76(1.60-1.93),1.43(1.32-1.54)]. Conclusion The health literacy of middle school students was related to their unsafe traffic behaviors.