江苏省宜兴市丘陵山丘节水灌溉工程控制钉螺效果评价

Evaluation of the effect of the water-saving irrigation project on Oncomelania hupensis control in hilly regions of Yixing City,Jiangsu Province

目的评价江苏省宜兴市丘陵山区节水灌溉工程控制钉螺效果。方法采用回顾性调查和现况调查相结合的方法,收集2005—2007年宜兴市丘陵山丘节水灌溉工程实施情况以及2003—2018年工程区及其相关影响区螺情资料,分析其控制钉螺效果。于2018年对工程损毁情况进行现状调查。结果2005—2007年,宜兴市在丘陵地区5个镇共建设22个节水灌溉工程,累计治理钉螺孳生环境266.97 hm^(2)。2003—2006年工程项目实施前,工程区内累计发现有螺面积47.87 hm^(2);2006年工程实施后至2018年,工程区内未再发现钉螺;但2017—2018年在工程周边影响区发现少量钉螺。2018年现状调查发现,节水灌溉工程存在后期维护管理问题。结论节水灌溉工程对控制宜兴市山丘地区钉螺孳生具有良好效果;但仍需加强后期工程维护和螺情监测,以发挥和巩固其控制钉螺孳生扩散的综合效果。

Objective To evaluate the effect of the water-saving irrigation project on Oucomelania hupensis snail control in hilly regions of Yixing City,Jiangsu Province.Methods A retrospective survey combined with cross-sectional investigation was employed.The implementation of the water-saving irrigation development project in Yixing City from 2005 to 2007 was retrospectively collected,and the snail status was collected in regions where the water-saving irrigation project was located and the projectaffected regions from 2003 to 2018,to examine the effect of the project on snail control.In addition,a cross-sectional survey was performed to investigate the destruction of the water-saving irrigation project in 2018.Results A total of 22 water-saving irrigation projects were implemented in 5 townships in hilly regions of Yixing City from 2005 to 2007,where snail habitats were treated covering 266.97 hm^(2).Before the implementation of the project from 2003 to 2006,cumulative 47.87 hm^(2) snail habitats were detected in regions where the project was located,and no snails were found in regions where the project was located from the implementation of the project in 2006 to 2018.However,a few snails were found in the project-affected regions in 2017 and 2018.In addition,there were problems found in the later-stage maintenance and management of the project.Conclusions The water-saving irrigation projects shows a high efficiency on snail control in hilly regions of Yixing City.The later-stage maintenance of the project and monitoring of snails remain to be intensified to enhance the snail control efficiency of the water-saving irrigation project.