甲基乙二醛信号在植物耐逆性形成中的研究进展

Progress in methylglyoxal signaling in the formation of stress tolerance in plants

植物耐逆性形成通常涉及甲基乙二醛(methylglyoxal, MG)脱毒系统、抗氧化保护系统和渗透调节系统。因MG具有细胞毒害剂和信号分子的双重功能,故其在植物细胞中的浓度受MG脱毒系统的严密调控。MG脱毒系统包括乙二醛酶系统和非乙二醛酶系统,乙二醛酶系统在维持细胞内MG动态平衡中起着关键的作用。MG作为信号分子,在细胞分裂、种子萌发、气孔运动、植物生长发育和耐逆性形成中具有重要的调节作用。该文基于最新研究进展,主要讨论了外源MG诱导的植物耐热性、耐冷性、耐盐性和重金属胁迫耐性,以及环境引发和化学引发诱导的植物耐热性、耐盐性、耐旱性、金属胁迫耐性和其他胁迫耐性与MG信号的关系,并对相关研究方向进行了展望。

The formation of plant stress tolerance is usually involved in methylglyoxal(MG) detoxification, antioxidant defense, and osmoregulation systems. As a cytotoxin and a signal molecule in plants, MG has dual functions, and its concentration in plant cells must be closely regulated by MG detoxification system. MG detoxification system includes glyoxalase system and non-glyoxalase system, and glyoxalase system plays a key role in the homeostasis of MG in plant cells. MG, as a signal molecule, plays an important regulative role in cell division, seed germination, stomatal movement, plant growth and development, as well as the formation of plant stress tolerance. Based on the latest research progress, this review discussed the relationship between MG signaling and the exogenous MG-induced heat, cold, salt, and heavy metal stress tolerance, as well as the environment priming-and chemical priming-induced stress tolerance, such as heat, salt, drought, metal, and other stress tolerance. In addition, the future research direction was also prospected.