机匣仿生顶室对压气机间隙流动影响研究

Effect of Casing With Bionic Tip Chamber on Compressor Clearance Flow

动叶叶顶产生的间隙泄漏流对压气机的效率和稳定性产生明显影响。为了减小泄漏流对流道内部流场结构的影响,本文基于蜻蜓翅翼的翅室和褶皱结构,在跨声速压气机叶栅的机匣上布置仿生顶室结构。采用数值模拟方法,研究不同高度的仿生顶室结构对间隙泄漏量和流动损失的影响。结果表明:流体流经仿生顶室时,顶室内部存在明显的驻留涡,抑制泄漏涡沿节距方向的发展,减小间隙的泄漏流量和流动损失;在间隙高度为2 mm情况下,仿生顶室对泄漏量和流动损失的控制效果最为明显,最佳方案能够使总压损失系数下降1.2%,间隙泄漏量降低1%。

The leakage flow generated by the rotor clearance seriously affects the efficiency andstability of the compressor. In order to reduce the effect of leakage flow on the flow field structure,the bionic tip chamber structure is applied on the casing of the transonic compressor cascade basedon the wing chamber and fold structure of the dragonfly. The effects of the bionic tip chamber withdifferent heights on the clearance leakage flow rate and flow loss have been numerically studied. Theresults show that when the fluid flows through the bionic tip chamber, there is a trapped vortex inthe tip chamber, which inhibits the development of the leakage vortex along the pitch direction andreduces the leakage flow rate and flow loss. When the clearance height is 2 mm, the control effect onthe leakage flow rate and flow loss is most apparent. The best scheme can reduce the total pressureloss coefficient by 1.2% and the leakage flow rate by 1%.