输血前不规则抗体筛查结果调查及阳性患者输血效果分析

Results of irregular antibody screening before treatment of blood transfusion and effects of blood transfusion in positive patients

目的对输血前不规则抗体筛查结果进行调查并分析阳性患者输血效果。方法选取兴宁市人民医院2017年2月至2020年2月收治的1 240例输血患者为研究对象,所有患者均接受不规则抗体筛查,记录不规则抗体阳性率及分布情况,分析不同疾病患者不规则抗体阳性率,观察不规则抗体阳性患者输血效果及输血反应。结果纳入的1240例患者中,经不规则抗体筛查检测出阳性98例,不规则抗体阳性率7.90%;98例不规则抗体阳性患者中,女性数量多于男性,有输血史患者数量多于无输血史患者,有妊娠史患者数量多于无妊娠史患者,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);98例不规则抗体阳性患者中,肿瘤患者占比22.45%,血液疾病患者占比28.57%,外科疾病患者占比10.20%,孕产期疾病患者占比20.41%,其他疾病患者占比18.37%,98例患者经输血治疗后,出现过敏1例,发热1例,无其他不良反应发生,且98例患者输血后可见明显疗效。结论输血患者治疗前进行不规则抗体筛查有助于确定不规则抗体阳性情况,且女性、有输血史、有妊娠史患者的不规则抗体阳性率较高,针对阳性患者进行抗体鉴定,输入无相应抗原的血液,可保障输血效果及安全性。

Objective To investigate the results of irregular antibody screening before treatment of blood transfusion and analyze the effects of blood transfusion in positive patients. Methods A total of1240 blood transfusion patients from February 2017 to february 2020 were selected as the study objects.All patients were screened by irregular antibodies,the positive rate and distribution of irregular antibodies were recorded,the positive rate of irregular antibodies in different diseases were analyzed,and the transfusion effect and transfusion reaction of irregular anti body positive patients were observed.Results Among 1240 patients,98 patients were positive by irregular antibody screening,and the positive rate of irregular antibody was 7. 90%. Among the 98 patients with irregular antibody,the number of women was more than that of men,the number of patients with blood transfusion history was more than that of patients without blood transfusion history,and the number of pregnant patients was more than that of patients without pregnancy history,the differences were significant( P < 0. 05). Among the 98 patients with irregular antibody,tumor patients accounted for 22. 45%,blood diseases accounted for 28. 57%,surgical diseases accounted for 10. 20%,pregnant and childbirth diseases accounted for 20. 41%,other diseases accounted for 18. 37%. After blood transfusion treatment for the 98 patients,there were allergic in 1 case,fever in 1 case,no other adverse reactions,and 98 patients showed obvious curative effect after blood transfusion. Conclusions Irregular antibody screening before treatment of blood transfusion patients is helpful to determine the positive situation of irregular antibodies. The positive rates of irregular antibodies in women,patients with blood transfusion history and pregnancy history are higher. The antibody identification for positive patients and input blood without corresponding antigens can guarantee the effect and safety of blood transfusion.