经济转型过程中的中国农业农村现代化

Chinese Agricultural and Rural Modernization in the Process of Economic Transformation

本文尝试运用经济转型过程中农业部门发展的一般规律,解释乡村振兴战略、城乡融合发展与农业农村现代化的逻辑关系。研究认为,中国结构转型过程中,农业部门劳动力占总体劳动力份额下降的速度远远滞后于农业部门创造的GDP占GDP总量的份额下降的速度,劳动力生产率和资本生产率在城乡之间都存在较大的差距。基于此,中国需要在持续推进城镇化战略,加快农业转移人口市民化的同时,实施乡村振兴战略,促进农业与二、三产业融合。农业发展是农村现代化的基础,如何提高农业部门生产率,增加农民收入尤其是农民财产性收入,缩小城乡居民收入差距,将农业融入国家宏观经济发展,是农业农村现代化的关键。

This paper attempts to employ the theory of economic structural transformation to identify the logical relationship between the rural revitalization strategy,the development of urban-rural integration,and the modernization of agriculture and rural areas in China.Our results show,in the process of China s structural transformation,the decline in the share of GDP for agriculture is much more regular and powerful than the decline in employment share,thus setting up the obvious mismatch.This indicate that there is a widening gap in labor productivity and capital productivity between the agricultural and nonagricultral sectors.Therefore,on one hand,China needs to civilianizing the rural migrants by the urbanization strategy,on the other hand,China needs to promote the integration of the agricultural and nonagricultral sectorsby the rural revitalization strategy.We confirm that agricultural development is the foundation of rural modernization.How to increase the productivity of the agricultural sector,increase farmers income,especially farmers property income,reduce the income gap between urban and rural residents,and integrate agriculture into the country s macroeconomic development is the key to agriculture and rural areas modernization.