基于图像处理的钢轨纵向位移检测系统的研究

Research on Rail Longitudinal Displacement Detection System Based on Image Processing

钢轨受行车载荷及自然因素的作用发生膨胀从而产生纵向位移,影响机车行车安全,因此研发高性能钢轨纵向位移检测装置意义重大。针对钢轨位移检测装置因人工检测方法导致耗时、耗力的问题,在MATLAB仿真研究基础上,设计了基于图像处理的钢轨纵向位移检测系统的实现算法,论述了对样本采集图像进行预处理、二值化、Canny边缘检测、Hough变换以及纵向位移计算等算法的实现过程。实验结果表明,所设计的系统具有较高精确性和可靠性,能够满足工程实际需要。

The rail expends under the action of running load and natural factors and thus produces longitudinal displacement,which affects the locomotive running safety.Therefore,it is of great significance to develop high-performance rail longitudinal displacement detection device.For rail displacement detection device time-consuming,caused by artificial detection method of problem,based on the MATLAB simulation,design a rail longitudinal displacement detection system based on image processing algorithm,this paper discusses the sampling image preprocessing,binarization,Canny edge detection,Hough transform and the longitudinal displacement calculation algorithm implementation process.The experimental results show that the designed system has high accuracy and can meet the practical needs of engineering.