骨密度的临床意义、检测方法及影响因素

The clinical significance,detection methods and influencing factors of bone mineral density

骨密度是反映骨骼状况的客观参数,目前广泛应用于检测骨质疏松症、预测骨折风险、改善慢性阻塞性肺疾病的预后等方面,临床上常规采用双能X线吸收测定法和定量超声法进行检测,近年逐步发展为定量CT、磁共振成像等其他方法,测量结果易受体质量、年龄、性别、激素等因素影响。建议应针对不同测量方法的特点,根据不同情况做出最优选择,并在分析测量结果时广泛考虑可能影响数据的因素,以对骨骼情况做出最精确的判断。

Bone mineral density(BMD)is an objective reference for the health condition of bone.It’s widely used to diagnose osteoporosis,predict fracture risk and improve prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases at present.Generally,dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and quantitative ultrasound are used for BMD examination in clinical practice.Other methods,such as quantitative CT and magnetic resonance imaging have been gradually developed in recent years.The measurement of BMD could be influenced by target weight,age,sex,hormone level,etc.It’s suggested that the optimal selection should be made based on the characteristics of different measurement methods,and the negative influence of other factors should be realized and excluded as far as possible to make more accurate judgment on the bone condition.