新时代我国婴幼儿照护服务系统及其启示--基于“幼有所育”背景下相关政策文本的分析

Chinese Childcare Service System in the New Era and Its Enlightenment:Analysis of Relevant Policy Texts under the Background of Universal Childcare

大力发展婴幼儿照护服务对推动新生育政策、实现“幼有所育”目标、落实“十四五”规划具有十分重要的意义。分析“幼有所育”背景下各地发展婴幼儿照护服务的政策,可以发现:当前我国婴幼儿照护服务系统表现为,基于“主体多元、普惠优先”的宏观价值理念,通过“组织管理、政策支持、制度规范、人才建设”的中观保障措施,着力促进“家庭照护”和“社会托育”微观供给模式的发展,为推动新时代婴幼儿照护服务的发展,需加快研制婴幼儿照护服务人员标准,明确其身份定位、主要职责和资质要求;丰富家庭照护政策体系,补充规定性、经济性家庭政策;发挥多类婴幼儿照护服务模式在实现普惠、优质的婴幼儿照护服务中的作用。

The vigorous development of childcare services is of great significance in promoting the implementation of the new fertility policy,achieving the goal of"Universal Childcare",and implementing the 14th five-year plan of China.Analysis of relevant policy texts under the background of"Universal Childcare"shows that current childcare service system in China is based on the value concept of"multiple subjects,giving priority to inclusive care"in the macrosystem,supporting measures of Morganization and management,policy support,institutional norms,and talent construction in mesosystem,and the supply mode of"family care,"and"social care"in the microsystem.In order to promote the development of childcare service,it is necessary to speed up the development of childcare service personnel standards,and clarify their identity,major responsibilities,and qualification requirements;it is also necessary to enrich family care policy system via supplementing the prescriptive and economic policies for the family,pay attention to the key role of multiple types of care services in achieving inclusive and high quality childcare services.