婺剧乱弹曲牌《三五七》与器乐笛曲《三五七》之关系

On Qupai Sanwuqi and Flute Music Sanwuqi Concerning Wuju Opera

婺剧是流传于浙江省中部、西部金华、衢州等地及邻近省份如江西等地区的传统剧种,以旋律通俗、风格质朴而著称。作为一个多声腔剧种,婺剧中的乱弹声腔承接清代以来戏曲声腔,并通过吸收融合不同戏曲声腔形成了自身的特色。在其代表性曲牌“三五七”基础上改编的器乐曲笛子独奏《三五七》,更将其推至婺剧流传地以外的民族音乐界中。文章通过对“乱弹”概念与婺剧之关系的简单梳理,并在所使用的乐器特点和民间表演场所特点与剧场式声学环境比较等的基础上,阐明笛曲《三五七》的价值正是基于它悠久的乱弹音乐历史传承及其与婺剧音乐特点的完美契合。

Wuju Opera,also known as Jinhua Opera,features rustic style and popular melody as one of the traditional Chinese operas in the middle and west of Zhejiang Province,including Jinhua,Quzhou,as well as in some areas of Jiangxi Province.Being a typical genre of drama with multiple tunes,Wuju Opera is characterized by its distinctive Luantan tune,which has evolved from the drama tunes in the Qing Dynasty.The instrumental solo flute music Sanwuqi(Three,Five,Seven)adapted from the traditional Qupai music Sanwuqi(Three,Five,Seven)even promotes the Luantan tune to the folk music circles outside Zhejiang and Jiangxi.With an analysis on the relation between the Luantan tune and Wuju Opera,and a comparison between the folk performance areas and theatre-acoustics environment together with the corresponding musical instruments,the paper is to demonstrate that the value of the flute music Sanwuqi lies in the perfect incorporation between the long history of Luantan tune and the musical characteristics of Wuju Opera.