垄作稻鱼鸡共生对稻田土壤养分含量及水稻产量的影响

Effect of Rice‑Fish‑Chicken Symbiosis on Paddy Soil Nutrient and Rice Yield under Ridge Cultivation

于2018—2019年分别设置垄作稻鱼鸡(RFC)、垄作稻鱼(RF)、垄作稻鸡(RC)和垄作单稻(CK)4个处理,研究垄作稻鱼鸡共生对土壤养分含量及水稻产量的影响,以期为垄作稻鱼鸡共生模式的发展和推广提供科学依据。结果表明:与CK相比,2 a RC、RFC处理水稻成熟期土壤全氮、全磷含量均提高,且RC、RFC处理全磷含量与CK均达到显著性差异;2 a RC、RFC处理成熟期土壤碱解氮、速效磷含量均显著高于CK,RFC处理齐穗期速效钾含量均显著高于CK;2 a RFC、RC、RF处理成熟期土壤有机质含量均显著高于CK。2018年RF处理水稻产量较CK提高5.75%,各处理间无显著差异,2019年RFC、RC、RF处理水稻产量均显著高于CK,增幅分别为16.29%、14.03%、9.35%。综上可知,RC和RFC处理均能够提高土壤养分含量和水稻产量,可作为稻田综合种养的优选模式,尤其是RFC处理。

Four treatments were set up,including rice‑fish‑chicken pattern under ridge cultivation(RFC),rice‑fish pattern under ridge cultivation(RF),rice‑chicken pattern under ridge cultivation(RC)and rice ridge cultivation(CK),and the effects of rice‑fish‑chicken symbiosis on soil nutrient and rice yield were studied under ridge cultivation,so as to provide scientific basis for the development and popularization of rice‑fish‑chicken pattern.The results showed that compared with CK,RC and RFC treatments increased the contents of soil total nitrogen and total phosphorus at mature stage in two‑year experiments,and the total phosphorus contents of RC and RFC treatments were significantly higher than those of CK;the contents of alkali‑hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus of RC and RFC treatments were significantly higher than those of CK at mature stage in two‑year experiments,the contents of available potassium of RFC treatment were significantly higher than those of CK at full heading stage in two‑year experiments;the soil organic matter contents of RFC,RC and RF treatments were significantly higher than those of CK at mature stage in two‑year experiments.In 2018,the rice yield of RF treatment increased by 5.75%compared with CK,and there was no significant difference among the treatments.In 2019,the rice yields of RFC,RC and RF treatments significantly increased by 16.29%,14.03%and 9.35%compared with CK respectively.In conclusion,RC and RFC treatments can improve soil nutrient content and rice yield,and could be used as the optimal patterns for comprehensive cultivation in paddy field,especially RFC treatment.