新梨7号及其亲本果皮挥发性物质的比较分析

Comparison of peel volatile profiles among Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Xinli No.7’and its parents

采用顶空固相微萃取法(HS-SPME)结合气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对采自新疆阿拉尔和河北保定商业成熟期的新梨7号(Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Xinli No.7’)果皮挥发性物质进行测定,并将其与来自新疆阿拉尔的早酥(P.bretschneideri Rehd‘Zaosu’,父本)和库尔勒香梨(P.sinkiangensis‘Korla’,母本)进行挥发性物质谱差异分析,探索梨果实杂交后代挥发性物质谱的变化。结果显示:所有样品中共检测出119种挥发性成分;分别在新疆和河北的新梨7号及其父母本中检测到55、53、56和100种挥发性物质。两地新梨7号果皮样本中挥发性物质总含量分别是其父本的4.52和2.48倍,母本的0.47和0.26倍。同时,新梨7号的挥发性物质分别较父母本减少了8和42种物质,但增加了(E)-2-辛烯醛、1-十二烯、柏木脑、2-庚酮、2-癸酮和1,2,4,5-四甲基-苯等6种物质。己醛、(E)-2-己烯醛是四者共有的含量最高成分,新梨7号果皮中(E)-2-己烯醛及己醛等7种物质含量偏向于高值亲本,30种物质含量接近低值亲本。总体来看,杂交后代新梨7号的挥发性物质种类较父母本有所减少,但新增了6种;在总含量上高于父本、低于母本;不同产地对新梨7号的挥发性物质谱有影响。

The volatile compounds in the peel of Xinli No.7 collected from Alar,Xinjiang and Baoding,Hebei Province were detected with HS-SPME-GC-MS,and compared with that of P.bretschneideri Rehd‘Zaosu’(the male parent)and P.sinkiangensis‘Korla’(the female parent)collected from Alar to explore the changes of volatile profiles of hybrids.The results showed that a total of 119 volatile compounds were detected in all samples.55,53,56 and 100 volatile compounds were detected in Xinli No.7 from Xinjiang and Hebei and its parents.The total content of volatile compounds in the peel of Xinli No.7 from Xinjiang and Hebei Provinces was 4.52 and 2.48 times that of the male parent,and 0.47 and 0.26 times that of the female parent.Compared with its parents,8 and 42 volatile compounds were under detection level in Xinli No.7.(E)-2-Octenal,1-dodecene,cedrol,2-heptanone,2-decanone and 1,2,4,5-tetramethyl-benzene were newly detected in Xinli No.7.(E)-2-Hexenal and hexanal was the highest content ingredient shared by the four.(E)-2-Hexenal,hexanal together with other 5 compounds in peel of Xinli No.7 were close to the high content of its parents,while the content of 30 compounds was close to the low content of its parents.In general,the types of volatile compounds in Xinli No.7 were less than those of the parents,but 6 new types were added.The total content in hybrid was higher than that in the male parent and lower than that in the female parent.Different origin areas had an impact on the volatile profiles of Xinli No.7.