早期奥义书的主要思想及其影响

The Main Thought in Early Upanisads and Its Influence

奥义书是一批在印度哲学发展史上引人瞩目的文献。其中在佛教之前产生的几部早期奥义书的重要性则尤为突出。这些文献中提出了一系列明确的宗教哲学理论,包括梵我理论、轮回解脱理论、基本元素理论、体悟真理的方法理论等。这些理论对印度后世的婆罗门教六派哲学、佛教、耆那教等派别的思想观念有不同程度的影响,是印度历史上的许多流行哲学理论的主要思想源头。深入研究这方面的内容,对于把握印度哲学发展的基本线索,认识东方文化的特色具有重要意义。

Upanisads are a group of conspicuous literature in the history of Indian philosophy development.Among them,several early Upanis ads produced before Buddhism are very important and prominent.In these literature,a series of clear religious philosophy the-ories are put forward,such as the theories of Brahman-Ã tman,transmi-gration-deliverance,basic elements,and the method of obtaining truth etc.These theories have influence of different degree to the thought of six philosophy schools of Brahmanism,Buddhism and Jainism etc.They are the main root source of many popular philosophical theories in Indian history.To deeply research on this aspect is of great signifi-cance for grasping the basic clues of Indian philosophy development,and knowing the characteristics of Oriental culture.