自明,还是救赎--与谢文郁教授商榷

Enlightenment or Salvation?--A Deliberation with Professor Xie Wenyu

如何理解《中庸》的“性”、“诚”以及君子与小人等基本观念和问题,不仅关系到对《中庸》一书本身的理解,而且也关系到对整个儒家系统的理解。有着基督教背景的谢文郁将《中庸》的“性”理解为“生存冲动”,将“诚”理解为“原始情感倾向”未必合乎《中庸》的本义。作者认为性、诚、天命、天道等同一层次的范畴,在人为性,在天为命,性乃“天下之大本”,“生存冲动”不是“性”的本质义。诚既是天道、天命等宇宙创生不已的本体,又是人修养的工夫、境界。文章指出,性善→自明→圣贤人格是儒家的文化路向,罪人→救赎→基督徒是基督教的文化路向,两种本质不同的文化形态最好保持各自的独立性而相互欣赏,而不是随意嫁接。

It relates to the comprehension about not only The Doc-trine of the Mean but also the whole Confucian that how to understand the basic concepts and questions,that is,nature,sincerity,J unzi,Xiaoren and so on in The Doctrine of the Mean.Back grounded in the Christian,Xie Wenyu takes the nature in The Doctrine of the Mean as survival impulse,the sincerity as original emotion tendency,which don't conform with the meaning of The Doctrine of the Mean.I think that nature,sincerity,the mandate of heaven,the way of heaven et.are categories at the same level,that is,we call it nature referring to people,and mandate to heaven.Nature is the great foundation of the world,and survival impulse can't be its fundamental meaning.Not only the mandate and way of heaven ie.the noumenon of the endless creation of universe,sincerity is also the effort of self-cultivation and the realm.This paper indicates that it's Confucian cultural mode from natural goodness to enlightenment to sage,and the Christian from guilty to salvation to Christian.It would be the best that these different essentially cultures keep their independence,not be grafted at discre-tion.