腹里卫所移民与地域社会演进——以明代赣州卫为个案

Immigration and Regional Social Evolution of Garrison in Central Area——A Case Study of Ganzhou Garrison in Ming Dynasty

卫所制度是明代重要的军政管理制度,卫所军事移民是国家强制力造就的移民群体。不同地域军事移民群体来源地区、移入时间、在地化程度、在区域社会中的作用不尽相同。以明代赣州卫为代表的漕运卫所跨越明清5个多世纪,是探究卫所制度、屯田制度、军户制度诸问题的极好案例,需要运用传统制度史与区域社会史结合的研究方法、家谱及科举录等新史料深入讨论。赣州卫军事移民总体呈现南方籍多于北方籍,早期移入者比例高于中期和晚期的态势,他们很好地融入地域社会,积极参与地方事务,还导致赣州地区风俗的变化。这也是古代国家以移民治理基层社会,进而带来多民族、多族群交流与融合的缩影。

The Wei-suo system was an important military and political management system in the Ming Dynasty,and the military immigration was a group of immigrants created by the coercive force of the state.Military immigrant groups from different regions have different origins,time of migration,degree of localization,and their roles in regional society.Water-Transport Garrisons spanned more than five centuries in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.It is an excellent case study of the guarding system,the farming system,and the military household system.It requires the use of research methods combining traditional system history and regional social history.In-depth discussion of new historical materials such as,genealogy and imperial examination records.The military immigrants from Ganzhou Garrison are generally more from the south than from the north,and the proportion of early immigrants is higher than that in the middle and late stages.They are well integrated into the local society and actively participate in local affairs,which has also led to changes in the customs of Ganzhou.This is also the epitome of ancient countries governing grassroots society through immigration,which brought about multi-ethnic and multi-ethnic exchanges and integration.