崩积体粒径的图像识别与分析

Image Recognition and Analysis of the Particle Size of Collapsed Deposits

崩塌是一种常见的地质灾害,崩落块石所形成的崩积体往往可以反映崩塌运动过程、影响范围等。基于无人机航拍影像技术以及孔隙(颗粒)与裂隙图像识别与分析系统(PCAS)的崩积体调查方法,将粒径分析方法引入崩积体调查,对崩积体粒度分布与堆积特点进行研究。结果表明:“无人机航拍影像技术-PCAS”统计方法切实可行,具有便捷、安全、成本低、高效和高精度的特点;将小茅坡崩积体划分为主积区、散落区、影响区,3个特征明显的区域;小茅坡崩积体粒径服从Y=A+(B/t)的逆分布规律;从纵向上看,崩积体内小块石占比呈先减小后增大再减小的趋势;从横向上看,距崩源相同距离各区粒径组分的含量基本相同,中块石与大块石在横向上呈现先增大后减小的趋势。研究成果对崩塌堆积调查具有重要意义,为野外调查提供一种新的技术手段。

Collapse is a common geological hazard,and the avalanche formed by avalanche rocks can often reflect the process and scope of impact of the collapse.A method was proposed to investigate collapsed bodies based on drone aerial image technology and the pores(particles)and cracks analysis system(PCAS),and the particle size analysis method was introduced to investigate collapsed bodies,studying the particle size distribution and accumulation characteristics of the collapsed bodies.The research results show as follows.The statistical method of“UAV Aerial Image Technology-PCAS”is practical and has the characteristics of convenience,safety,low cost,high efficiency and high precision.The Xiaomaopo avalanche was divided into three areas with obvious characteristics.They are the main area,scattered area,and affected area,The particle size of Xiaomaopo avalanche obeys the distribution law of Y=A+(B/t).From the vertical point of view,the proportion of small rocks in the collapsed body shows a trend of first decreasing,then increasing and then decreasing.From the horizontal point of view,the content of the particle size components in each zone with the same distance from the collapse source is basically the same.The block stones show a trend of increasing first and then decreasing in the lateral direction.The research results can be used as a new technical means for field investigation.And it is of great significance to the investigation of collapse and accumulation.