2019年广西天峨县一起炭疽疫情流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation of an anthrax epidemic in Tian’e County of Guangxi in 2019

目的调查分析广西河池市天峨县一起炭疽疫情特点,为当地将来炭疽防控提供科学依据。方法对发现炭疽患者的村屯采取疫点流行病学调查及实验室检查和患者住院临床资料收集整理分析。结果 2019年7月26日河池市天峨县的下老乡罗宜村三角塘屯居民自家饲养的一匹马在野外的山坡上不明原因死亡,该屯8位成年人在马死亡的山坡上就地参与宰剖,并有21人食用死马肉。参与宰剖死马中的3人分别于第2、3、7天出现下肢、手臂和手指局部皮肤肿痛,随后出现疱疹、溃烂、渗出液。患者血样炭疽抗体和PCR检测均为阳性。经及时诊治和规范处理疫点,患者得到有效治疗,疫点得到有效控制。结论在曾经发生过炭疽流行的地区,对当地群众加强炭疽防治知识的宣传教育尤为重要。

Objective To investigate and analyze the characteristics of an anthrax epidemic in Tian’e County of Hechi City of Guangxi,provide scientific basis for the local anthrax prevention and control in the future. Methods The epidemiological surveys and laboratory examinations of the epidemic sites were performed in the village where anthrax patients were found,and the clinical data of patients in hospital were collected and analyzed. Results On July 26,2019,a horse raised by a resident of Sanjiaotangtun Village in Luoyi Village of Xialao Township in Tian’e County died unexplained on an hillside in the wild. Eight adults in the village participated in the slaughter on the hillside where the horse died,and 21 people ate dead horse meat. The three people involved in the slaughter of the horses developed local skin swelling and pain on the lower limbs,arms and fingers on the second,third,and seventh days,followed by herpes,ulcers,and exudate. The the patient’s blood samples were all positive for anthrax antibody and PCR tests. After timely diagnosis and treatment of patients and standardized treatment of epidemic spots,patients have been effectively treated and epidemic spots have been effectively controlled. Conclusion In areas where anthrax epidemic has occurred,it is particularly important to strengthen the publicity and education of anthrax prevention knowledge among local people.