重庆市渝北区14839名噪声作业人员职业健康检查结果分析

Analysis on occupational health examination results of 14 839 noise-exposed workers in Yubei District of Chongqing

目的分析重庆市渝北区噪声作业人员高频听力损失和职业性噪声聋分布特征,了解该人群的职业健康状况,为预防和控制职业性噪声聋提供参考依据。方法对2018年12月1日—2019年11月30日重庆市渝北区噪声作业人员在岗期间的职业健康检查结果和诊断的职业性噪声聋数据进行分析。结果 14 839名噪声作业人员高频听力损失检出1 250例,检出率为8.42%,职业性噪声聋检出30例,检出率为0.20%。高频听力损失和职业性噪声聋主要集中在男性,随年龄和工龄增加检出率有上升趋势(均P<0.05)。高频听力损失和职业性噪声聋主要集中在制造业、私有企业和中大型企业。结论噪声是渝北区重点职业病危害因素中占比最大的一种,接触人数多,高频听力损失检出率高,职业性噪声聋发病呈上升趋势,亟须加强管理,预防工人职业性噪声聋的发生。

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of high frequency hearing loss and occupational noise deafness among noise-exposed workers in Yubei District of Chongqing,understand the occupational health status of this population,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of occupational noise deafness. Methods The results of occupational health examination and data of diagnostic occupational noise deafness among noise-exposed workers in Yubei District of Chongqing from December 1,2018 to November 30,2019 were analyzed. Results High frequency hearing loss was detected in 1 250 of 14 839 noise-exposed workers,and the detection rate was 8.42%. There were 30 cases of occupational noise deafness,the detection rate was 0.20%. High frequency hearing loss and occupational noise deafness were mainly concentrated in men,and the detection rate increased with the increase of age and length of service(all P<0.05). High frequency hearing loss and occupational noise deafness were mainly concentrated in manufacturing,private enterprises and large enterprises. Conclusion Noise is one of the most important occupational hazard factors that accounts the largest proportion in Yubei District of Chongqing. The number of exposure is large,the detection rate of high frequency hearing loss is high,and the incidence of occupational noise deafness is on the rise.It is urgent to strengthen management and prevent the occurrence of occupational noise deafness.