2015-2020年重庆市非职业性一氧化碳中毒事件时空特征分析

Analysis on temporal and spatial characteristics of non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning in Chongqing from 2015-2020

目的分析非职业性一氧化碳中毒事件的时空特征,探讨可行的预防和干预措施。方法对2015—2020年重庆市非职业性一氧化碳中毒事件进行描述性分析。结果 2015—2020年,重庆市共报告非职业性一氧化碳中毒事件38起,发病114例,死亡35例,病死率为30.7%。事件发生数、发病例数、死亡例数均呈"山峰"状趋势,2018年事件发生数和死亡例数最多,2019年发病例数最多。事件发生数、发病例数和死亡例数均以1月份最多,其次为2和12月,早上08:00~09:59为高峰时间段。报告事件最多的区县为黔江区,事件数占比60.5%,发病例数占比58.8%,死亡例数占比57.1%。农村地区死亡率明显高于城镇地区;中毒事件以家庭内发生为主,占比94.7%;中毒原因主要是烧炭或燃煤取暖,占比81.6%。结论应加强重点时期、重点场所和重点人群非职业性一氧化碳中毒的防控工作。

Objective To analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning,explore feasible preventive and intervention measures. Methods Descriptive analysis was performed on the non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning incidents in Chongqing from 2015-2020. Results From 2015-2020,a total of 38 non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning incidents were reported in Chongqing,with 114 cases and 35 deaths,and the fatality rate was 30.7%. The number of incidents,cases and deaths showed a "peak" trend,with the largest number of new incidents and deaths in 2018 and the largest number of poisoning cases in 2019. The number of incidents,cases and deaths were the highest in January,followed by February and December,and the peak time was from 08:00 to 09:59 in the morning. The district with the most reported incidents was the Qianjiang District,which the number of incidents,cases and deaths accounted for 60.5%,58.8% and 57.1%,respectively.The mortality rate in rural areas was significantly higher than that in urban living areas. 94.7% of the incidents occurred in families. 81.6% of the incidents were caused by burning charcoal or burning coal for heating. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen prevention and control work of non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning in key periods,key sites and key populations.