芯片级光钟技术综述

Overview of Chip-scale Optical Clock Technology

芯片级光钟是一种基于热原子中光频跃迁的新型光钟,近年来随着光子集成技术、激光技术和微机电技术的发展,该类光钟可以实现较小的体积和较高的精度,有望广泛应用于对体积、质量、功耗和精度敏感的各种国防装备中。介绍了国内外芯片级光钟技术的进展情况,阐述了芯片级光钟的相关技术,包括基于双光子跃迁的光频标技术、微制造气室技术和微腔光频梳技术等,分析了影响频率稳定度和准确度的主要因素,最后对芯片级光钟面临的机遇和挑战进行了简要的展望。

Chip-scale optical clock is a new kind of optical clock based on the optical frequency transition in hot atoms.With the development of photonic integration technology,laser technology and micro-electro-mechanical technology in recent years,this kind of optical clock can realize small volume and high precision,and is expected to be widely used in various national defense equipments sensitive to volume,weight,power consumption and precision.In this paper,the progress of optical clock technologies including the optical frequency standard based on the two-photon transition spectroscopy,micro-fabricated atomic cell technology,micro-resonator optical frequency comb technique are introduced,then the frequency stability and accuracy are analyzed,and finally a brief outlook of the challenge and the development for the chip scale optical clock is made.