能源贸易公司防范美国经济制裁风险建议

Enlightment and suggestions for energy trading companies to prevent the risk of U.S. economic sanctions

近年来,美国财政部海外资产管理办公室大力推行经济制裁政策,在美国领土之外实施长臂管辖。石油石化行业一直是美国经济制裁措施推行的重点领域,给我国能源贸易公司等国际化程度高、对美国金融体系依赖程度较高的企业带来直接影响。本文结合美国2020年经济制裁执法案件的情况,围绕"美国连结点"和常见的制裁违规行为表现形式,分析对能源贸易公司建立有效的制裁风险合规管理体系的启示;并结合我国最新颁布的《中华人民共和国反外国制裁法》,提出企业依法维护正当权益的建议,助力防范企业经营过程中的制裁风险。

In recent years, the Office of Foreign Assets Control under the Treasury Department of the United States has promoted its economics sanction policies, and committed to enhance the extraterritorial jurisdiction. Among the sanction policies,petroleum and petrochemical industry is always the major target and it brings direct impact and high risk to energy commodity trading companies in our country, which conduct global trading business and have high degree of dependence on the U. S.financial system. This paper analyzes sanction enforcement cases of U.S. authority in the year of 2020, further suggests energy commodity trading company to establish an effective sanction compliance management framework based on the implication of"U.S. Nexus"and common violations to sanction policies. It proposes some suggestions of safeguarding its rights under China’s legal framework("Anti-foreign Sanctions Law of the People’s Republic of China") to prevent the risk of sanctions in the process of enterprise operation.