分布式光纤传感技术在输电线路在线监测中的应用研究综述

Overview of Studies on Application of Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Technology in Online Monitoring of Transmission Lines

分布式光纤传感(distributedopticalfibersensing,DOFS)技术融合传输媒介和传感单元一体化实现了空间的连续监测,且可以直接利用光纤复合架空地线内光纤资源,其独特优势使得DOFS技术在输电线路在线监测中越来越多地被应用。首先对DOFS中的瑞利散射、拉曼散射和布里渊散射的基本原理进行简要介绍,给出了DOFS系统可以监测的基本物理量和各类DOFS技术的特点;然后围绕雷击、覆冰、舞动等工况监测对DOFS技术在输电线路在线监测领域的研究现状进行综述。随后分析了现有DOFS技术在传输距离、空间分辨率、复杂物理环境下的交叉耦合以及多参量分布式光纤传感系统解调方面的局限性,并对解决上述问题的关键技术进行了分析和介绍,最后对准确、全面的DOFS监测技术的未来发展进行了展望。

Distributed optical fiber sensing(DOFS) technology realizes continuous monitoring in space by integrating the transmission media and the sensor units and can directly use the optical fiber resources in optical fiber composite overhead ground wire. This unique advantage brings about DOFS technology more and more application in transmission line online monitoring. In this paper, the basic principles of Rayleigh scattering, Raman scattering and Brillouin scattering in DOFS are briefly introduced, and the basic physical quantities that can be monitored by DOFS system and the characteristics of various DOFS technologies are given. Then, the research status of DOFS technology in the field of transmission line online monitoring is summarized based on the monitoring of lightning, icing and galloping. Next, the limitations of the existing DOFS technology in transmission distance, spatial resolution, cross coupling in complex physical environment and demodulation of multi parameter distributed optical fiber sensing system are analyzed,and the key technologies to solve the above problems are introduced. Finally, the future development of accurate and comprehensive DOFS monitoring technology is prospected.