新时期面向管理的自然资源分类

Management-oriented Classification of Natural Resources in the New Era

分类是自然资源调查和管理的基础,重构自然资源分类体系是自然资源部当前迫切需要解决的问题。根据自然资源的学理、法理、管理内涵和前人的分类现状,梳理自然资源学理和管理逻辑上的本质特征,提出了新的自然资源学理和管理分类方案,并以自然资源管理分类方案为基础,构建了自然资源调查总体框架,提出了自然资源调查的总体思路。结果表明:根据学理注重的系统性和全面性等特点,以物质、能量、空间为主的3类自然资源表现形式为基础,形成3类五级自然资源学理分类方案;根据管理注重的实践性和权属边界特征,结合国家法律法规和自然资源部对自然资源统一管理的要求,将自然资源本身、赋存空间及属性合并,构建新的自然资源类型和14类三级自然资源管理分类方案;以新的自然资源管理分类方案为基础,系统梳理了新形势下自然资源调查的总体目标、调查对象、调查类型以及对应的调查精度、服务出口等内容,形成自然资源调查总体框架,支撑新时期自然资源综合调查体系建设。

Classification is the basis of natural resource survey and management,and reconstructing the classification system of natural resources is an urgent task that needs to be solved by the Ministry of Natural Resources.According to the theory,principle,and management connotation of natural resources and the current status of previous classifications,this paper analyzes the essential features of natural resource theory and management logic,and proposes a new natural resource theory and management classification scheme;in addition,based on the natural resource management classification scheme,the paper constructs general framework of natural resource investigation system,and puts forward the general idea of natural resource investigation.The results suggest that according to the system and comprehensiveness that the theory pays attention to,and the three natural resources such as material,energy and space,a three-category five-level natural resource theory classification scheme is formed.Considering the practicality and administrative boundary of management,combining with the national laws,regulations,requirements of the Ministry of Natural Resources for unified management of natural resources,the natural resources,and their occurrence space and attributes are merged to construct new natural resource types,and forms a fourteen-category three-level natural resource management-oriented classification scheme.Based on the new management-oriented classification scheme of natural resources,the paper systematically combs the overall objectives,survey types,survey precision and service export of natural resource surveys under the new situation,thus forming a framework of natural resource survey which supports the construction of a comprehensive natural resource survey system in the new era.