产业互动下高技术产业集聚的环境治理效应

The Environmental Control Effect of High-tech Industry Cluster Based on the IndustrialInteraction

产业布局不平衡是制约地区环境治理、阻碍经济高质量发展的重要问题。本文通过构建一个包含高技术产业、中低技术产业和政府的三部门经济,从产业互动视角探讨了高技术产业集聚在环境“先污染后治理”中的具体作用,并运用动态空间面板杜宾模型进行了实证检验。研究表明:从本地效应来看,当集聚规模达到一定门槛值时,高技术产业集聚能显著提升环境质量,并释放中低技术产业集聚的节能减排效应;从邻地效应来看,高技术产业集聚能有效降低周边地区污染排放,但会由于“挤出效应”增加中低技术产业集聚对周边地区的环境污染;进一步考察高技术产业集聚的调节作用发现,严格的环境规制和高劳动力成本能改善中低技术产业集聚的本地环境污染效应,但会通过促进中低技术产业转移增加周边地区污染排放,而产业间技术溢出效应能有效抑制中低技术产业集聚对本地和周边地区的环境污染。本文的研究结论为加快实现“碳达峰、碳中和”愿景、构建绿色低碳高质量发展道路提供了经验证据和政策启示。

The unbalanced industrial layout is an important issue that restricts regional environmental governance and hinders high-quality economic development.By constructing a three-sector economy that includes high-tech industries,low-and medium-tech industries,and the government,this article explores the specific role of high-tech industry clusters in the environmental“pollution first,then governance”from the perspective of industrial interaction,and uses the dynamic spatial panel Dubin model to conduct an empirical test.The research gets the following conclusions.From the perspective of local effects,when the scale of agglomeration reaches a certain threshold,the agglomeration of high-tech industries can significantly improve the environmental quality and release the energy-saving and emission-reduction effects of the low-medium-tech industrial agglomeration.From the perspective of neighboring effect,high-tech industrial agglomeration can effectively reduce pollution emissions in surrounding areas,but due to the"crowding effect",the agglomeration of low-medium-tech industries will increase environmental pollution in surrounding areas.Further investigation of the adjustment effect of the agglomeration of high-tech industries found that strict environmental regulations and high labor costs can improve the local environmental pollution effects of the low-medium-tech industrial agglomeration,but will increase pollution emissions in surrounding areas by promoting the transfer of low-medium-tech industries.Technology spillover effects can effectively curb the environmental pollution of local and surrounding areas caused by the agglomeration of low-medium-tech industries.The research conclusions of this article provide empirical evidence and policy enlightenment for accelerating the realization of the vision of"carbon peak and carbon neutrality"and building a green,low-carbon and high-quality development path.