文化交流和异域视野中的文学交往与创作——汪曾祺书信中的爱荷华“国际写作计划”

Cultural Exchange and Literary Communication and Creation from the Perspective of Foreign Vision——Iowa“International Writing Project”in Wang Zengqi’s Letter

20世纪80年代的爱荷华"国际写作计划"是重启中美文坛对话的桥梁,也是中国当代作家走向世界舞台的见证。以1987年前后的书信为线索,可以发现爱荷华"国际写作计划"不仅为汪曾祺文学交往的朋友圈层增添了国际性和区域性的色彩,而且还为他提供了一次进入国际文学语境的体验。异域文明的冲击、东西方文化的差异,虽然为汪曾祺的创作带来了一系列的转变,但在文化观照中也促使其重审本民族文化传统的特殊意义,并投射在其文学创作中。

The Iowa"International Writing Project"in the 1980 s was a bridge to restart the dialogue between Chinese and American literary circles,and it also witnessed the emergence of Chinese contemporary writers on the world stage.Taking the letters around 1987 as a clue,it can be found that Iowa’s"International Writing Project"not only added international and regional flavors to the circle of friends of Wang Zengqi’s literary contacts,but also provided him with an entry into the context of international literature.Although the impact of foreign civilizations and the differences between Eastern and Western cultures led to a series of changes in Wang Zengqi,his cultural observations also prompted him to re-examine the special significance of the national cultural traditions and project them in literary creation.