博物学与周氏三兄弟的“科学话语共同体”

Natural History and the “Scientific Discourse Community” of the Three Zhou Brothers

作为近代科学主流的博物学传入中国后,从福柯的"认识型"发展为"科学话语共同体"的重要话语,成为新文化新思想的合法性基础,推动了新文化运动的兴起。博物学作为周氏三兄弟的"科学话语",影响了鲁迅的"科学救国论"与"生物学的真理"、周作人的"生物学的参考"与"伦理之自然化"、周建人的"民族进化论"等新文化思想。周氏三兄弟的博物学"科学话语"见证了中国知识分子加入"科学话语共同体",发展新文化新思想启蒙民众与救亡图存的不懈探索,揭示了新文化运动"德先生"与"赛先生"的深层次关系,也是中国现代思想史、文学史和科学史的重要发展阶段。

As the mainstream of modern science, natural history has developed from Foucauldian epistemological discourse to the important discourse of “scientific discourse community, ” which has become the basis of legitimacy for a new culture and new thought that promoted the New Culture Movement. As the scientific discourse of the three Zhou brothers, natural history influenced Lu Xun’s(Zhou Shuren) “saving the nation through science” and “biological truth”, Zhou Zuoren’s “biological reference” and “naturalization of ethics”, as well as Zhou Jianren’s “national evolution” and related ideas of new culture. Zhou Brothers’ scientific discourse of natural history witnessed the unremitting exploration of Chinese intellectuals to join in the “scientific discourse community” in order to establish new culture and new ideas to enlighten the people and save the nation. It not only revealed the deep relationship between “Mr. Democracy” and “Mr. Science” in the New Cultural Movement, but also represented an important development in the history of modern Chinese thought, literature, and science.