清代《普庆升平图》卷研究——与《天津天后宫行会图》比较之视角

The Qing ‘Celebrations of Peace and Prosperity’ and the ‘Festival Fair at the Temple of Heavenly Queen in Tianjin’ in Handscroll

《普庆升平图》是表现北京香会的画作,由晚清宫廷画师张恺、王继明、张启明与屈兆麟集体创作,现藏故宫博物院。本文通过对比《普庆升平图》与《天津天后宫行会图》,分析了《普庆升平图》的画面内容,并讨论了北京香会与天津皇会的异同。此外,作品的宫廷绘画背景,揭示了晚清时期民间香会虽不被官府与士大夫认可,却与宫廷存在密切联系。

The Palace Museum collected ‘Celebrations of Peace and Prosperity’(Pǔ Qìng Shēng Ping Tú in Chinese pinyin) in handscroll presents the scenes of the temple fair in Beijing of the late Qing dynasty, which was created by court painter Zhang Kai, Wang Jiming, Zhang Qiming and Qu Zhaolin together. Comparing with the ‘Festival Fair at the Temple of Heavenly Queen in Tianjin’ in handscroll(Tiān Jīn Tiān Hòu Gōng Xíng Huì Tú), the thesis analyzes the ‘Celebrations of Peace and Prosperity’(Pǔ Qìng Shēng Ping Tú) in content and presentation, similarities and differences between the Beijing temple fair(Běijīng Xiānghuì in Chinese pinyin) and the Tianjin royal fair(Tiānjīn Huánghuì in Chinese pinyin). The court painters created the ‘Celebrations of Peace and Prosperity’ to present the scenes at the Beijing temple, yet such a folk fair was ignored in the eyes of the literate and officialdom of the late Qing dynasty.