1930年代中国新诗讲义与新诗的经典建构

Handouts of Chinese New Poetry in the 1930s and the Classical Construction of New Poetry

五四文学革命之后,中国新诗面临着重建新秩序的问题。1930年代,各类大学开始开设新诗课程,为学生讲授新诗,因而在新诗的这一初始阶段的传播过程中,对新诗规范的确立、知识的建构、经典的确认产生了重要影响。首先,课程讲义按照学科规范,遵循新诗的发展时序,梳理新诗的流变,挑选代表性的诗人和诗集,将新诗主张、诗歌群体编为前史,并予以命名,为早期新诗确立了基本规范,争取了学科地位与入史资格。其次,新诗的课堂讲义凸显了对讲述对象的价值评价,总结了新诗人及其新诗作品的历史贡献,初步建构了新诗的经典地位。再者,新诗讲授注重对新诗经典文本的挑选与讲习,为新诗发展提供了示范性引导,体现了新诗讲授者的现代性诗学意识。

After the May 4th literary revolution,Chinese new poetry was faced with the problem of reconstructing a new order.In the 1930s,various universities began to set up new poetry courses to teach students new poetry.Therefore,in the dissemination process of this initial stage,it had an important impact on the establishment of new poetry norms,the construction of knowledge and the confirmation of classics.Firstly,the course handout is based on the discipline norms and the development sequence of new poetry;the propositions and poetry groups are compiled into the pre-history and named,so the basic norms for early new poetry are established.Secondly,the lecture notes of new poetry highlight the value evaluation,summarize the historical contributions of new poets,and preliminarily construct the classical status of new poetry.Lastly,teachers focus on the selection and teaching of classical texts of new poetry,which provides an exemplary guidance for the development of new poetry and reflects the consciousness of modern poetics.