肺癌住院患者营养不良风险调查及其影响因素分析

The Risk of Malnutrition and Its Influence Factors in Lung Cancer Inpatients

目的:肺癌住院患者营养不良风险调查及其影响因素分析。方法:选择2015年2月至2020年1月期间我院诊治的125例肺癌住院患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。根据患者的营养状态评估结果将其分为81例营养不良组和44例营养良好组。比较两组患者的人口学资料和临床资料,采用多因素Logistic回归分析营养不良发生的影响因素。结果:营养不良患者占比64.80%(81/125)。与营养良好组相比,营养不良组年收入≥50000元患者比例明显下降(P<0.05),营养不良组体质量指数(BMI)≤22kg/m^(2)患者比例、肿瘤分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期+广泛期患者比例以及肿瘤低分化患者比例明显升高,血清白蛋白水平和淋巴细胞绝对值(LYM)明显下降(P<0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析显示肿瘤分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期+广泛期以及肿瘤低分化是肺癌住院患者营养不良的危险因素(OR=1.743、1.812,P<0.05),年收入≥50000元、BMI>22kg/m^(2)、白蛋白水平≥29.55 g/L和LYM≥2.47×10^(9)/L是肺癌住院患者营养不良的保护因素(OR=0.487、0.502、0.453、0.731,P<0.05)。结论:肺癌住院患者营养不良风险较高,年收入情况、BMI、肿瘤分期、分化程度、白蛋白水平以及LYM均是肺癌住院患者营养不良风险的影响因素,对上述指标进行监测有利于提前预测营养不良的发生,从而为预防肺癌住院患者营养不良的发生提供指导。

Objective:To investigate the risk of malnutrition in lung cancer inpatients and analyze the influence factors.Methods:The clinical data of 125 lung cancer inpatients in our hospital from February 2015 to January 2020 were analyzed retrospectively.According to the results of nutritional status assessment,the inpatients were divided into 81 cases of malnutrition group and 44 cases of good nutrition group.The demographic data and clinical data of the two groups were compared,and the influencing factors of malnutrition were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.Results:Proportion of malnutrition patients was 64.80%(81/125).Compared with the group with good nutrition,the proportion of patients with annual income≥50000 yuan in malnutrition group decreased significantly(P<0.05),the proportion of inpatients with body mass index(BMI)≤22 kg/m^(2)in malnutrition group,the proportion of patients with tumor stageⅢ~IV+extensive stage and the proportion of patients with low differentiation tumors increased significantly,the level of serum albumin and the absolute value of lymphocyte(LYM)decreased significantly(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that tumor stageⅢ~Ⅳ+extensive stage and low tumor differentiation were risk factors for malnutrition in lung cancer inpatients(OR=1.743,1.812,P<0.05),annual income≥50000 yuan,BMI>22 kg/m^(2),albumin level≥29.55 g/L and lym≥2.47×10^(9)/L were protective factors for malnutrition in lung cancer inpatients(OR=0.487,0.502,0.453,0.731,P<0.05).Conclusion:The risk of malnutrition in inpatients with lung cancer is high.Annual income,BMI,tumor stage,differentiation degree,albumin level and lym are all the influencing factors of malnutrition risk in lung cancer inpatients.Monitoring the above indicators is conducive to predict the occurrence of malnutrition in advance,so as to provide guidance for the prevention of malnutrition in lung cancer inpatients.