低扬程大流量泵站的水锤防护

Water Hammer Protection for Low-head and Large-flow Pump Stations

低扬程大流量泵站是地势平坦地区或城镇水厂最常见的输配水方式之一,如何进行水锤防护是该类工程设计和调度运行需要考虑的首要问题。针对典型低扬程大流量泵站的水锤防护问题进行了研究,指出了原防护方案的不足;通过多方案比选,优化了水泵出口液控阀门的关闭规律和空气阀的口径,使其满足设计要求。事故断电、阀门拒动情况下,水泵机组快速反转,说明转动惯量相对较小,可通过缩短水泵出口液控阀门的关闭时间来减少水泵反转;管道沿线的正压和负压超过防护标准,这一般是由于空气阀快速关闭产生的弥合水锤造成的,可减小空气阀口径,这是一种可行的优化方案。

Low-head and large-flow pump station is one of the most common water delivery and distribution methods in flat areas or urban water plants.How to carry out water hammer protection is the primary issue that needs to be considered in the design and dispatch operation of this type of project.In this paper,the water hammer protection of a typical low-head and large-flow pump station is studied,and the deficiency of the original scheme is presented.Through the comparison and selection of multiple schemes,the closing law of the hydraulic control valve at the outlet of the water pump and the diameter of the air valve are optimized to meet the design requirements.In the event of power failure and valve rejection,the pump unit reverses quickly,indicating that the moment of inertia is relatively small.By shortening the closing time of the hydraulic control valve at the outlet of the water pump,the reverse rotation of the water pump can be reduced.Both the positive and negative pressures along the pipeline exceed the protection standards,which are generally caused by the bridging water hammer caused by the rapid closing of the air valve.Reducing the diameter of the air valve is a feasible optimization scheme.