无人机高光谱遥感监测葡萄长势与缺株定位

High Efficient Grapevine Growth Monitor and In-lane Deficiency Localization by UAV Hyperspectral Remote Sensing

利用无人机连续两年在同一个葡萄园开展了4个品种长势监测和缺株定位探索,以飞行高度70 m,速度5 m·s^(-1),在监测面积187015 m^(2)上利用多光谱相机共获得数据69296004个,每个像素点对应地面5 cm×5 cm。以EnsoMOSAIC软件对数据进行处理,获得归一化植被指数(NDVI)。以NDVI>0.75为长势优良的标准,2019年葡萄园长势评定为"一般""良好""优良"的面积分别为20.51%、46.15%和35.90%。2020年10月初葡萄园遭遇早霜,NDVI数据明显降低,表明NDVI可用于葡萄园霜冻损害的快速评估。以连续性<0.6为标准进行缺株定位,有12行存在缺株且80%以上分布在长势"一般"的地块中,与对地块整体长势评估结果一致。本研究结果表明基于无人机的高光谱遥感成像技术在葡萄园风土(terrior)划分、植株长势分析与霜冻评估中均有良好的应用前景。

Precise orchard management requires efficient,comprehensive and accurate growth data acquisition from the entire orchard.Traditional methods in such data collection are inefficient and with subjective bias.To solve the problem,we tested the use of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)to carry out growth monitoring and in-lane deficiency localization in a vineyard for two consecutive years.The main results go as:a total of 69296004 pixels have been obtained over an area of 187015 m^(2) using a multi-spectral camera carrying by a UAV with a flying height of 70 meters and a speed of 5 m·s^(-1).The data was processed with EnsoMOSAIC software to obtain the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI).Taking NDVI>0.75 as the criterion for good growth,the areas of the vineyard evaluated as"ordinary","good"and"excellent"in 2019 were 20.51%,46.15%and 35.90%respectively.Early frost at the beginning of October in 2020 resulted in significant decrease in NDVI and increased standard error,demonstrating that NDVI can be used for timely frost impact assessment.Based on a threshold of continuity<0.6,in-lane deficiency localization was tested in a Cabernet Sauvignon plot,12 lanes were identified with in-lane deficiency,among of them 10 lanes were located in"ordinary"growth plots,which was in consistent with the evaluation results of the overall growth of the vineyard.Taking together,our results showed that UAV-based hyperspectral remote sensing imaging technology has good application prospects in vineyard plant growth analysis and frost assessment.