中国城市创新空间溢出及其影响因素——基于行政边界效应的视角

Spatial Spillover of Urban Innovation and Its Impact Factors in Chinese Cities Based on the Perspective of Administrative Boundary Effect

在城市创新空间溢出效应的研究中,空间计量对于空间权重的选择具有敏感性。基于2003—2018年我国271个主要城市的面板数据,通过引入强、弱行政调节因子构建改进的空间权重,对创新空间自相关性进行比较。进一步引入杜宾模型实证分析了城市人口规模、产业集聚等因素对城市之间创新溢出的影响,并对创新空间关联进行分解,以探讨行政调节对各个城市创新溢出影响因素的差异性。研究发现,在考察期内中国城市创新存在空间依赖性和相互促进作用,城市创新空间溢出也会受到行政边界效应的影响;在地理距离空间上,城市人口规模能够促进城市间的创新溢出,但行政调节会减弱其影响。产业专业化集聚和多样化集聚抑制了创新溢出,但行政调节可以削弱这种不利影响;在经济距离空间上,城市人口规模、产业专业化集聚和人力资本等因素能显著促进城市间的创新溢出,行政调节产生的作用不大。各个城市各创新影响因素表现出的差异性为我国各级政府制定创新政策与协调实践提供理论和经验依据。

In the study of spillover effect of urban innovation space,spatial measurement is sensitive to the choice of spatial weight.Based on the panel data of 271 major cities in China from 2003 to 2018,this paper proposes an improved spatial weight by designing an indicator of administrative regulation,and compares the spatial autocorrelation of innovation by introducing strong and weak administrative adjustment factors to construct improved spatial weights.Furthermore,the influence of factors on urban innovation is empirically examined by using the Durbin model and decomposing correlation of urban innovation spatial in order to explore the different effects of administrative regulation.The results show that there are spatial dependence and mutual promotion of urban innovation in China during the investigation period,and the spatial spillover of urban innovation is also affected by the administrative boundary effect.In the geographical distance space,urban population can promote innovation spillover among cities,and administrative regulation will weaken this spillover effect.Industrial specialization and diversification agglomeration inhibit innovation spillover,which will be significantly weakened by administrative intervention.In the economic distance space,industrial specialization agglomeration and other factors can significantly promote innovation spillover between cities,while administrative regulation has little effect.The spatial spillover differences of various influencing factors provide theoretical and empirical basis for governments at all levels to formulate innovation policies and coordinate practice.