基因工程和转基因食品的安全性问题

The Safety Study on Genetic Engineering and Genetically Modified Food

基因工程通过DNA重组技术,能够获得有特殊生物遗传性状和功能的遗传工程生物体(GMO)。基因工程技术应用于农业、食品工业,产生了转基因食品。但是这种人为改变生物体遗传特性的生物技术是否能安全地被利用,从而更好地造福人类呢?本文介绍了基因工程和转基因食品的发展和现状,总结了转基因食品带来的食品本身、生态环境和国家经济方面的安全性问题,并对转基因食品安全性的评价和管理工作进行了综述。

Genetic engineering is a biotechnology about DNA recombination. The Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) is the product of genetic engineering,that can get specific genetic characters and functions different from their natural species. Genetic engineering has been applied on agriculture and food industry and the genetically modified food has come into being. It is important to use genetic engineering safely and benefit from its advantages. In this review, the status quo and the development of genetic engineering and genetically modified food were reported.The safety problems of genetically modified food, including safety as food itself and safety in environment and in national economy, were reviewed. In addition, the safety assay and the regulations on the genetically modified food were evaluated.