渤海海峡跨海通道隧道建设方案研究

Study on the Construction Scheme of Bohai Strait Cross-sea Tunnel

对跨渤海湾通道“南桥北隧”和“全隧道”2种建设方案,按单建铁路及公铁合建交通模式,开展通道交通方式、隧道横断面布置、防灾疏散方案研究,推荐通道采用单建铁路交通方式和全隧道建设方案,隧道横断面建议增设服务隧道和采用单线隧道的布置方案;当通道采用公铁合建交通方式时,建议采用“南桥北隧”建设方案和分期实施的建设思路,预留北段公路隧道工程;铁路隧道防灾疏散采用定点疏散理念,利用沿线分布岛屿设置紧急救援站和紧急出入口,跨老铁山海域利用服务隧道在海底设置紧急救援站,建立由横通道、服务隧道、紧急救援站和紧急出入口组成的防灾疏散救援系统;针对跨老铁山海域复杂地质及环境条件,结合服务隧道利用方式,开展施工组织方案研究,推荐采用两端对向掘进的实施方案。

For the two construction schemes of“bridge in the south and tunnel in the north”and“all tunnel”of the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel tunnel,this paper conducts researches on the transportation mode of the passage,the cross-section layout of the tunnel and the disaster-prevention evacuation plan on the basis of two modes of transportation by the railway channel and combined channel of highways and railways.Single railway transportation and all-tunnel schemes are recommended for the cross-sea channel.The tunnel cross section is suggested to include service tunnel and two single-line tunnels.For the construction mode of combined channel of highway and railway,“bridge in the south and tunnel in the north”and staged construction are recommend.In the section crossing the area of Lao-Tie-Shan,emergency relief stations are set up in the service tunnel,a system of disaster prevention evacuation and rescue is established by the combination of cross channel,service tunnel,emergency station and emergency exit.In view of the complex geological and environmental conditions of the area of Lao-Tie-Shan,it is suggested that the tunnel should be constructed with two TBMs facing each other based on the service tunnel utilization mode and the study on the construction organization plan.