多元化健康教育在直肠癌造口患者护理中的应用价值

Value of diversified health education for rectal cancer patients with ostomy

目的探讨多元化健康教育在直肠癌造口患者护理中的应用价值。方法选取我院2019年4月至2020年6月收治的122例直肠癌造口患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(n=61,实施常规护理干预)和观察组(n=61,实施多元化健康教育干预)。比较两组焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、疾病知识的掌握情况、自我护理能力量表(ESCA)评分、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)评分及生命质量测定量表(FACT-G)评分。结果干预前,两组SAS评分、ESCA总评分、SSRS总评分及FACT-G总评分比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。干预后,观察组疾病知识掌握率为96.7%,高于对照组的80.3%;两组SAS评分低于干预前,ESCA总评分、SSRS总评分及FACT-G总评分高于干预前,且观察组SAS评分低于对照组,ESCA总评分、SSRS总评分及FACT-G总评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论多元化健康教育有助于强化直肠癌造口患者护理效果,减轻患者焦虑情绪,加深其对疾病的认识,增强自我护理能力,促进社会支持及优化生活质量。

Objectives To investigate the value of diversified health education for rectal cancer patients with ostomy.Methods One hundred and twenty-two rectal cancer patients with ostomy treated at our hospital between April 2019 and June 2020 were recruited.Patients were randomly assigned to control group(n=61,receiving routine nursing)and treatment group(n=61,receiv⁃ing diversified health education)using the random number table.The followings were compared between the two groups:Self-rat⁃ing Anxiety Scale(SAS)score,level of disease knowledge,Exercise of Self-Care Agency(ESCA)scale score,Social Support Rate Scale(SSRS)score,and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Generic(FACT-G)scale score.Results Before the inter⁃vention,the two groups did not differ significantly in SAS score,ESCA total score,SSRS total score,and FACT-G total score.After the intervention,96.7%of patients in the treatment group had comprehensive or partial knowledge of the disease,which was significantly higher than in the control group(80.3%,P<0.05).In both groups,the SAS score after the intervention was sig⁃nificantly lower than before the intervention.ESCA total score,SSRS total score,and FACT-G total score after the intervention were significantly higher than before(P<0.05).After the intervention,SAS was significantly lower,while ESCA total score,SSRS total score,and FACT-G total score were significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Diversified health education can improve the nursing efficacy of rectal patients with ostomy.It can alleviate patients’anxi⁃ety,improve their level of disease knowledge,strengthen their self-care ability,facilitate social support,and improve their quality of life.