1995—2018年广东地区雷灾伤亡特征

CHARACTERISTICS OF CASUALTIES FROM LIGHTNING DISASTERS IN GUANGDONG DURING 1995-2018

通过分析1995—2018年广东地区1090起雷灾伤亡事故,发现共有伤亡1976人,伤亡比达1.26倍,其中1次雷灾事件伤亡人员最多高达17人,多人受伤概率明显高于多人死亡。广东省每百万人口的年平均雷灾死亡率和雷灾事故率均为0.44,各地市雷灾死亡率从人口较多的地区向人口较少地区转移,雷灾伤亡密度向面积较小地区转移。分析雷灾事故发生环境,发现有42.56%的事件是发生在与农业密切相关的环境(农田附近和稻田水塘),且直接遭受雷击伤亡的事件占63%,其次是由于旁络闪击(25%)造成。考虑年龄性别因素统计发现,雷电伤亡事件中男性略高于女性,成年人(25~64岁)年龄段伤亡最多,占全部的70.9%。总体而言,雷电对广东地区伤亡影响较大,尤其是农村地区的防雷减灾工作有待改善。

The present study analyzed 1090 cases of lightning casualties in Guangdong from 1995 to 2018 and found that there were 1976 casualties.The casualty rate was 1.26.Among them,the casualty of one lightning event could be as high as 17,and the probability of multiple injuries was significantly higher than that of multiple deaths.From 1995 to 2018,Guangdong’s average annual lightning mortality rate and lightning accident rate per one million people were both 0.44.The area with high casualty rate transferred from densely populated areas to sparsely populated areas,and the area with high casualty density transferred from large areas to small areas.Through the analysis of lightning accident environment,it was found that 42.56%of the accidents occurred in the environment closely related to agriculture,and 63%of the accidents were the result of direct lightning stroke,followed by side flashover(25%).As for age and gender,it was found that males were slightly higher than females in lightning casualties,and adults(25~64 years old)had the most casualties,accounting for 70.9%of the total.In general,the impact of lightning on casualties in Guangdong is still relatively large,especially in rural areas,and lightning protection and disaster reduction still needs to be improved.