多维相对贫困测度及反贫长效机制研究——以沁水县为例

Multidimensional Relative Poverty Measurement and Long-term Anti-poverty Mechanism:A Case Study of Qinshui County

以山西省沁水县为例,采用A-F方法构建多维相对贫困指标体系对485户脱贫户微观调研数据进行了测度分析,研究表明:脱贫户普遍呈现多维相对贫困状态,各维度都有相对贫困的发生,不同维度对多维相对贫困的贡献有所差异,其中经济维度对多维相对贫困的贡献最高。以剥夺阈值k=4为分界线,对影响脱贫户相对贫困的因素进行二值Logit模型分析,结果显示:各类因素对相对贫困的影响不同,其中帮扶因素对多维相对贫困的影响显著。基于此,提出了构建现阶段以脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴政策有效衔接为核心的反贫长效机制,包括多维相对贫困识别机制、促进持续增收的常态化反贫机制、"普惠"+"特惠"相结合的社会保障机制、破除"贫困文化"的宣传教育机制,为巩固脱贫成效、解决多维相对贫困提供了参考。

Qinshui County was taken as an example,and A-F method was used to construct multidimensional relative poverty index system for measuring and analyzing micro survey data of 485 poverty households.The research shows that poverty households present multidimensional relatively widespread poverty,and each dimension is relatively poor.The contribution of different dimensions to multidimensional relative poverty is different,among which the contribution of economic dimension to multidimensional relative poverty is the highest.Based on the deprivation threshold dividing line(k=4),the binary Logit model was used to analyze the factors affecting the relative poverty of the households that have been lifted out of poverty.The results show that all kinds of factors have different effects on the relative poverty,among which the helping factor has a significant impact on the multidimensional relative poverty.Based on this,we propose to construct long-term anti-poverty mechanism that focuses on the effective connection between poverty alleviation and rural revitalization policy including multidimensional relatively poor recognition mechanism,promoting the continuous increase of normalized anti-poverty mechanism,"inclusive"+"preferential"combination of social security mechanism,publicity and education mechanism of"poverty culture"break.It provides a reference for consolidating the results of poverty alleviation and solving multidimensional relative poverty.